Discover the story of Manasa Devi, the serpent goddess worshipped in Bengal. Learn about her origins, symbolism, rituals, and cultural significance in protecting devotees from snakebites and granting prosperity
Manasa Devi, the serpent goddess, occupies a unique place in Hindu mythology and religious practice, especially in Bengal and parts of eastern India. Known as the goddess of snakes, fertility, and prosperity, she is revered by millions for her protective powers against snakebites and her ability to grant boons to her devotees. The worship of Manasa Devi is steeped in rich cultural traditions, folklore, and myths, making her one of the most fascinating deities in the Hindu pantheon.
As someone who grew up hearing tales of Manasa Devi during family gatherings in rural Bengal, her story has always intrigued me. The rhythmic chants of her Manasa Mangal tales during village festivals would often leave me spellbound. Today, I aim to share her story, significance, and cultural relevance, so readers can connect with this goddess on a deeper level.
The Origins of Manasa Devi
Manasa Devi’s origins are as intriguing as her divine persona. She is considered to be the daughter of Lord Shiva and a serpent goddess named Kadru in many Puranic texts. However, some versions also suggest that she is the daughter of Sage Kashyapa, making her the sister of serpents such as Shesha, Vasuki, and Takshaka.
Manasa’s birth was said to have been an unusual one. According to folklore, Shiva created her from his mind (hence the name “Manasa,” derived from “mana” meaning mind) to control the proliferation of snakes and to protect humanity from snakebites. Her divine role is to mediate between humans and serpents, ensuring harmony and balance.
To explore more about Manasa Devi’s mythological origins, check out this resource.
The Symbolism of Manasa Devi
Manasa Devi is not just a serpent goddess; she represents a range of human and cosmic aspects:
- Protector from Snakes
Snakes are often feared for their venom, and Manasa Devi is worshipped as the protector from snakebites. Her devotees believe that she has the power to save lives and cure illnesses caused by snake venom. - Symbol of Fertility and Prosperity
Like the coiled serpent, which represents cyclical renewal and fertility, Manasa Devi is revered for blessing her devotees with children and financial stability. - Balancing Fear and Respect
Her iconography often portrays her standing on a lotus with snakes coiled around her arms, symbolizing her control over dangerous forces and her ability to transform fear into reverence.
Manasa Devi in Bengali Folklore: Manasa Mangal
The story of Manasa Devi is intricately woven into Bengali folklore through the Manasa Mangal Kavya, a narrative poem that celebrates her deeds and struggles. These poems are traditionally recited during Manasa Puja and are a testament to the cultural richness of her worship.
The Tale of Chand Sadagar
One of the most popular tales associated with Manasa Devi is her conflict with Chand Sadagar, a wealthy merchant who refused to worship her. This story highlights her determination and divine will. Despite Chand’s initial defiance, Manasa eventually brings him to his knees, showcasing her ability to overcome human arrogance and establish her divine authority.
Moral Lessons from the Tale
The story of Chand Sadagar is not just a myth but a lesson in humility, faith, and the need to respect divine forces. Growing up, I often heard my elders explain how this story teaches us to accept and respect powers beyond human control.
For an in-depth exploration of the Manasa Mangal tales, check out this detailed analysis.
Worship of Manasa Devi
The worship of Manasa Devi is particularly prominent in rural Bengal, Assam, and parts of Odisha and Jharkhand. Her devotees often perform rituals to seek her blessings for protection against snakebites, fertility, and prosperity.
Manasa Puja
Manasa Puja, her primary festival, is celebrated during the rainy season when snake bites are most common. The festival is marked by:
- Traditional Songs and Dances: Devotees gather to sing hymns from the Manasa Mangal Kavya.
- Clay Idols: Temporary idols of Manasa Devi are created and worshipped.
- Offerings: Milk, flowers, and incense are offered to appease the goddess.
The vibrant celebrations during Manasa Puja are a sight to behold, with entire villages coming together in devotion. It’s an experience that left an indelible mark on me when I attended my first Manasa Puja as a child.
Temples Dedicated to Manasa Devi
Manasa Devi is worshipped in both homes and temples. While her temples are fewer compared to other deities, they hold immense significance for her devotees.
- Manasa Devi Temple in Haridwar
Nestled in the Shivalik Hills, this temple is one of the most famous shrines dedicated to Manasa Devi. Pilgrims from across India visit to seek her blessings. - Bishnupur and Rural Bengal Shrines
In rural Bengal, many small temples and sacred groves are dedicated to her, often marked by a simple stone or clay idol. - Kamakhya Temple Connection
Manasa Devi is often linked to the Kamakhya Temple in Assam, another prominent Shakti Peeth where serpentine symbolism plays a key role.
Lessons from the Worship of Manasa Devi
Manasa Devi’s worship offers timeless lessons that resonate with modern life:
- Harmony with Nature
Manasa Devi’s association with snakes reminds us to coexist with nature rather than fear it. Snakes, often misunderstood, play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. - Humility and Acceptance
Her story teaches us to respect forces beyond our control, be it divine or natural. - Strength in Struggles
As a goddess who overcame rejection and resistance to establish her worship, Manasa Devi inspires resilience and perseverance. - Empowerment of Rural Communities
The collective worship of Manasa Devi fosters unity and empowers rural communities to uphold their traditions.
Personal Reflections on Manasa Devi
Growing up in Bengal, I remember my grandmother telling me how Manasa Devi protected our ancestors from snakebites in the dense forests of rural India. Even today, her rituals and festivals remind me of the interconnectedness of life, nature, and spirituality. Watching villagers come together during her puja, reciting the Manasa Mangal Kavya with unwavering devotion, always fills me with a sense of belonging and reverence.
One personal memory that stands out is when a snake entered our courtyard during monsoon season. My grandmother calmly lit a lamp in Manasa Devi’s name and recited a prayer. The snake slithered away, leaving us unharmed. That moment solidified my faith in the protective power of the goddess.
Manasa Devi, the serpent goddess of Bengal, is not merely a deity but a symbol of resilience, harmony, and protection. Her story, rituals, and cultural significance continue to inspire millions, reminding us of the delicate balance between humans and nature. Whether through the powerful tales of the Manasa Mangal, the vibrant celebrations of Manasa Puja, or the tranquil sanctity of her temples, she remains a beacon of faith and reverence.
By understanding her story, we not only honor a goddess but also reconnect with age-old traditions that teach us to live with humility, respect, and a deep sense of gratitude.
Author:
Sunita Reddy – Mythologist & Storyteller
Email: sunita@hindutva.online
